Torque transmission by inertia



H. CANCRINUS TORQUE TRANSMISSION BY INERTIA Feb. 19, 1963 5 Sheets-Sheet1 Filed April 5, 1960 Inventor HENDR/K (HA CR l/VUS A ttorne y 5 Feb.19, 1963 Filed April 5, 1960 H. CANCRINUS 3,077,793

TORQUE TRANSMISSION BY INERTIA 5 Sheets-Sheet. 2

[nvenlor HEN/JRIK /M/C R I/VUS A ttorney;

Feb. 19, 1963 H. CANCRINUS TORQUE TRANSMISSION BY INERTIA 5 Sheets-Sheet5 Filed April 5. 1960 Inventor HEN/3R IK C/M/CR [NZ/S B W {M f' ttorneyjFeb. 19, 1963 H. CANCRINUS 3,077,793

TORQUE TRANSMISSION BY INERTIA Filed April 5, 1960 5 Sheets-Sheet 4Inventor HEA/DR/A C/M CRlA/U s WMW+WM A Home y 5 Feb; 19, 1963 H.CANCRINUS TORQUE TRANSMISSION BY INERTIA 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed April 5,1960 Inventor HENDRIK Cfl/VCRI/Vl/S f w $4 M A ttorney 5 This inventionrelates to apparatus for transmitting torque by inertia.

It is an object of this invention to provide apparatus for transmittingtorque over a rangejof speeds, with flexibility.

According to the invention, a torque transmitter comprises a carrier, atleast one planet wheel mounted in the carrier to rotate'about its ownaxis, a drum around the carrier and coaxial with the carrier and asecond axis, the carrier and drum being mounted to rotate about thesecond axis, drive connecting means connected to said carrier forconnecting the carrier to a source of'rotary power, a sun wheel coaxialwith the second axis, connecting means connected to the sun wheel forconnecting the sun wheel to a load to absorb rotarytpower, intermediatedrive means drivingly connecting the planet wheel with the sun wheelandapplying torque developed about the axis of said planet wheel in thesame direction about the secondaxis, a plurality of liquidentrappingmeaus fast with the planet wheel and defining recesses spacedcircumferentially awayfrom and around the planet wheel axis,- wherebywhen a quantity of liquid is placed in the drum and said carrier andsaid drum are rotated, the liquid is flung out inan annular layeragainstthe inner peripheral surface of the drum under the actionof'cen-. trifugal force, and whereby when the planet wheel rotates aboutits axis, the liquid entrapping means pass through the annular layer; ofliquid and entrap liquid in the recesses-and-displace 'the entrappedliquid inwardly away from the periphery of the drum in a directiontowards the second axis, and afterdisplacement reject suchdisplacedv'liquid under the action of centrifugal force in adirectionoutwardly-towards the annular layer,

The invention may include one or more of the followingfeatures.

The intermediate drive means may include a chain engageable withsprocketscomprising the planet wheel and sun wheel; Or if desired theplanet wlieel'and sun wheelmay. b'e toothed gear wheels and theintermediate drive means may include anidler between the planet wheelandsun wheel and meshing with them both. Of course the same result-as bya single idler may beobtained by equivalent. means, such as an oddnumber of toothed gear idlers meshingin series and with the sun wheel onthe one hand'and with theplanet wheel on the other hand. A plurality, of:planetwheelsmay be provided-symmetrically disposed for balanceabout thesecond axis.

One-revolution of-the: carrier'in a positive direction about the secondaxis when the sun wheel is stationary will cause the planet wheel toperform-a positive revolu tion about itsown axis and to have-a-negativearcuate displacement'about its own axis dependent upon the-relativenumbersv of teeth of the sun and planetwheels. If the. ratio ,betweenthe numbers of teeth isiunity, then the negative arcua-te displacementwill be, a full revolu tion and will canceltout the fullpositiverevolution and in fact the planet wheel will-then be not-arcuatelydisplaced at all about its, own axis, and the arm of the eccentricmassabout the planet wheel will then execute a motion which may betermedcircular translation.

The mass may be connected to the planet wheel by 2 an arm, theintermediate drive means connectsplanet and sun wheels and theconnecting means connects sunwheel and output shaft. 7

Further features of the invention will become apparent from the claimsand from the following description of specific embodiments of theinventionlwith reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 shows diagrammatically in end elevation a chain driven sun andplanet wheel arrangement together with eccentric mass;

FIGURE 2 shows diagrammatically in end elevation a chain-driven sun andplanet wheel arrangement theeccentric mass being a liquid in acontainer;

FIGURE 3 shows diagrammatically inend elevation the arrangement ofFIGURE 2 within a drum containing liquid for charging the container;

FIGURE 4 shows diagrammatically in end elevation the arrangement of apair of containers providedsyma metrically disposed about theplanet-wheel axis;

FIGURE 5 shows diagrammatically in endelevation the disposition of acontainer relative to the sun wheel axis when the drive is directbetween carrier and sun wheel;

FIGURE 6 shows diagrammatically in sectional end elevation along VIVI,the arrangement of a number of containers provided arounda pair ofsymmetrically disposed planet wheels within a drum;

FIGURE 7 shows diagrammatically a sectional side elevation along VII-VIIand corresponding to FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 8 shows diagrammatically a sectional side elevation of anembodiment similar to that shown inFIG- URE 7 but having a drum freelyrotatable about the second axis;

FIGURE'9'shows diagrammatically along. X-VX. a sec: tional end elevationof'a further embodiment oftheinvention-having a vane wheel;

FIGURE 10 shows diagrammatically along IX-IX' a sectional side elevationcorresponding to FIGURE'9; and

FIGURE 11 shows diagrammatically a sectional end elevation of a furtherdevelopment of the embodiment shown in FIGURES 9 and 10.

FIGURE 1 and the description in relation to it, are merely given by wayof explanation for a better understanding of the invention and no claimis directed to vthe construction there shown and described.

Referring to FIGURE 1 reference numeralltlx refers to a planet wheelhaving an eccentric mass, 12 on an arm 14 and mounted to rotate about anaxis, 16 in a carrier not shown but which is mounted'to rotate about asecond axis itaparallelto the first axis 16. An intermediate drive meanswhich may be an idlergear, a con: necting rod 17, or a chain, but whichis shown in this figure for convenience to be. a chain 2%, drivinglycon; nects planet wheel it) with a sun wheel 22 -provided coaxially withthe second axis 18. In FIGURE 1 the planet wheel and masstare shown infour positionsna'mee 1y positions (a), (b), (c) and (d) for the casewhere the planet wheel and th'e sun wheel have equal numbers of teeth.When a rotary power input is appliedlto the calirier, the planet wheelaxis describes the circular locus24 and while the sun wheel is.stationary the. planet wheel does not rotate about its axis, and thecentreof gravity of the mass 12 will describe the circular orbit 26; Inorbiting, the mass has centrifugal forcedirected away from the. centreof orbit 26, as shown at :11, b1, 01', and d1. This centrifugal forcewhen acting ontan effective arm through the planet wheel axis develops aturning moment about that axis and .thisturning momentis-transmittedthrough the intermediate drive means to the: sun wheel 22. The turningmoment has maximum values at Patented Feb. 19, 19 63 positions (b) and(d) but in opposite senses, the turning moment at (b) being regarded forconvenience as being positive, and the turning moment at (d) beingregarded as negative. The turning moment on the planet wheel is zero atpositions (a) and (c), because in these positions the centrifugal forceis directly in line with the planet wheel about its axis, i.e. there isno effective arm, and therefore it can exert no moment on the planetwheel about its axis.

By employing a one way device, in the construction shown in FIGURE 1,positive torque pulses only may be carried over from the planet wheelonto an output shaft connected to the sun wheel 22. In accordance withthe invention, however, instead of the solid mass 12, there is providedliquid retaining means 12a (see FIGURE 2) fast with the planet wheel andeccentric to its axis, adapted to receive and to retain liquid in someregions of its orbit and adapted to reject it in others. The effectivemass is therefore variable in magnitude.

Referring to FIGURE 2 it will be seen that an arrangement is providedsimilar to that shown in FIGURE 1 except that instead of solid mass 12,there is provided liquid retaining means in the form of a container 12aadapted to receive liquid and to reject it. The container is shownhaving an opening 12c through which the received liquid is adapted toenter and to be rejected. The openings are shown diagrammatically in thedrawings as being of V-shape in end elevation but they may be of anysuitable shape. Referring to FIGURE 3 the container is filled byallowing it to become immersed in a layer of liquid 23 disposedcircumferentially within a drum 30 under the section of centrifugalforce due to the rotation of the liquid. As can be seen from FIGURE 3,the container 12a dips into the layer at position (a) where its orbitpasses through the layer, then it is full of liquid at position (b), andit loses its liquid in the region of position (c). The mass thereforevaries in magnitude from a maximum when the container 12a is full ofliquid as shown at position (b), to a minimum when the container isempty as shown at the position (d). In position (b) the moment arm is atright angles to the centrifugal force on the mass thus giving themaximum effective torque. Conversely in position (d) there is no massand consequently no centrifugal force and therefore no effective torque.In positions (a) and (c) there is no torque because the effective arm iszero. The directions of the centrifugal force on the liquid mass in thevarious positions are indicated by references a2, b2,

and 2. No reference d2 is shown because liquid was rejected completelyfrom the container in travelling from the c to the d position, and henceas there is no mass there can be no centrifugal force.

Referring to FIGURE 4 there is shown a further development of thearrangement shown in FIGURES 2 and 3 in that the planet wheel isprovided with a further container 13a on an opposing arm 14a to balancethe container 121: and arm 14. In FIGURE 4 the planet wheel withcontainers is shown also in the four positions (a), (b), (c) and (d).When the sun wheel is stationary and does not rotate about the secondaxis 18 the position as shown in FIGURE 4 will obtain, namely thecontainers 12a will orbit along orbit 26 and the container 13a willorbit along 26a, the orbits being circular. As can be seen from thisfigure, the containers 12a and 13a balance each other about the planetwheel axis and the maximum positive turning moment of filled container12a at position (b) is assisted by the maximum positive turning momentof filled container 13a at position (d), the effective torque beingproportional to the centrifugal forces b3, and (Z3, acting on the liquidmasses in the containers.

In the aforegoing description relating to FIGURES l, 2, 3, and 4 theposition was considered when the sun wheel was stationary and was notturning about its axis.

As soon as the sun wheel starts to turn, the mass 12 or the containers12a and 13a, will no longer describe truly circular orbits but will bearcuately displaced about the planet wheel axis until again arrested bythe drag on the sun wheel. When finally the sun Wheel rotates at thesame speed as the carrier then the position of equilibrium is reached asshown in FIGURE 5 in which the moment exerted by the centrifugal forceCF on the liquid in container 12a about the planet wheel axis issufficient to overcome the resisting torque or drag on the sun wheel.

In the description relating to FIGURES 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 the ratio ofthe numbers of teeth between planet wheel and sun wheel were consideredas unity. This, of course, need not necessarily be so. The intermediatedrive means employed between the planet wheel and the sun wheel willensure that the centrifugal force on the mass 12 and exerting a turningmoment on the planet wheel about the planet wheel axis will bepredominantly due to the rotation of the carrier about the second axisand that this centrifugal force will not be nullified by the centrifugalforce on the mass due to rotation about the planet wheel axis. Planetwheel and sun wheel tooth ratios are also so chosen that this does nottake place.

The principles described with reference to FIGURES 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 aredeveloped further and may be described with reference to FIGURES 6 and 7in which a plurality of containers 12a are attached to each of theplanet wheels 16 by means of spiders 32. The intermediate drive means inthis embodiment shown, that is in FIGURES 6 and 7, includes idler wheels34 mounted to rotate about pins 36 fixed to carrier 38 which is attachedto input shaft 40. Fixed to or integral with carrier 38 is drum 42around spiders 32 and containers 12a and planet wheels 10 and so on. Theidlers 34 are in mesh with sun wheel 22 integral with output shaft 44.The whole arrangement is rotatably supported about the second axis, thatis about the axis of the coaxial input shaft 40 and output shaft 44, ina frame 46, the one end 47 of the output shaft being rotatably supportedin the carrier.

In operation, oil in the drum 42 is whirled around so that under theaction of centrifugal force it forms a layer 28 within the drum (seeFIGURE 3), input power being applied to input shaft 40. The pheripheralspeed of the oil is greater than that of the containers 12a and thus theoil impinges upon the containers and imparts a force to them which istransmitted as a positive moment onto the sun wheel. This moment isquite apart from the moment applied to the planet wheel about its axis16 by the mass of liquid within the containers 12a under the action ofcentrifugal force acting on the mass of liquids due to the rotation ofthe carrier 38 about the second axis 18. The difierence in speed betweenthe containers 12a and the liquid 23, apart from exerting a positivemoment on the output shaft, also results in heat development. If thisheat development is not desired, then this embodiment of the inventionmay be suitably modified as shown in FIG- URE 8 in which a drum 42a isprovided instead of drum 42 and is not connected to the carrier but ismounted around the carrier and containers, to be freely rotatable aboutthe second axis. In such an arrangement, the drum rotates freely, drivenby the frictional drag of the rotating liquid within the drum, theliquid being caused to rotate by the passage of the containers 12athrough it. Of course, if desired, vanes 48 may be provided, attached tothe carrier 38 and adapted to Whirl the oil around within the drumagainst the inner surface of the drum.

Referring now to FIGURES 9 and 10 there is provided a drum 42 comprisingthe carrier 38 and a shroud defined by drum end walls 42a and 42b, andshroud wall 50. Within the drum there is provided a vane wheel 52 fastwith the planet wheel 10, and adapted to rotate about the planet wheelaxis 16 within the shroud. The vane wheel 52 has radially projectingvanes 54.

enemas 7 driven to rotate about its axis 16 ina negative direction byidler'wheel'34 mounted 'to rotate a-hout pin 36 fixed to the carrier SSThis rotation of the'plane't wheel causes the vane wheel 52 to rotate inthe direction of arrow 55 and in so. doing displaces liquid againsttheaction of centrifugalfforce' towards the centrarr ran of thecentrifugal force exercises a positive rnornent onthevane wheel ahouttheplanet wheel axis which is thereupon transferred to the idler 3 4 andthence onto the wheel 22. At full speed running, that is when the outputshaft rotates'a'tthe same speed as the carrierthen the vane wheel willbe substantially stationary relation to the carrier but will move onlyslightly relative to the carrier, to make up the liquid between vanesand shroud, whichrnay leak out during operation. The vane wheel willthereforehave continua-l of rnaking up the li q1 1id leaking re the a eand het er it a p wr i i bodiment of the invention thatt-he output shaftrotates at less speed than thecarrier whenfull input torque is beingtransmitted to the outputshaft The vane wheel in displacing liquidtowards the cent g l CglQ 't of the drum-against theaction f centrifugalforce, does work-and if not recovered will be lost by merely beingilungoutward under the action of centrifugal force towards liquid layer 2 8alongthe inner surface of the drum 42. '1fhiswork mayberecovered bycausing the lii l iix i i l v md atd ther entra region o the drum, toimpinge upon the 'vanes of a servant wheel provided, in being flungoutwards towards the outer layer'of liquid. The outward flow of theliquid isguided onto the vanes 54a of the servant wheel 52a by means ofextension 50a to wall 50. The servant wheel 52d is mounted to rotateunman axis in the carrier and is provided with abutment means betweenthe frameand the axis of the servant wheel, to permit of the torquegenerated on the servant vane wheel by the impinging liquid to exert aturning moment on the carrier about the second axis and in the directionof drive to the carrier.

I In FIGURE the abutment 'rneansis shown to include a gear train havinga gear wheel 58 fixed to the servant vane wheel 52a and ini'mesh with an"idler 68 mounted to rotate about a pin 62 attached to the carrier 38,the idler 60 in its turn being in mesh with a sun wheel 64 providedcoaxially with the scand axis and fixed to the frame 46. An alternativearrangement of abutment means may include a chain and sprocketarrangement having a sprocket fixed to the servant vane wheel 52a and asprocket coaxial with the second axis and fixed to the frame 46, bothsprockets being engageable by the chain. A yet further alternativearrangement of abutment means, may include a connecting rod pivotallymounted in the vane wheel 52a and in frame 46 the pivotal axes beingparallel to the rotational axis of the servant vane Wheel 52 and thesecond axis 18. The eccentricity of the pivotal axes of the connectingrod is such that the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod is alwaysparallel to the plane containing the second axis and the pivotal axis ofthe servant vane wheel 52a.

FIGURE 11 shows a further development of the embodiment shown in FIGURES9 and 10 and shows two vane wheels 52 provided and oppositely disposed,each arranged to deliver liquid into the pockets 66, whence the liquidis adapted to flow outwardly under the action of centrifugal force andto impinge against the vanes 54a of servant wheels 52a.

Instead of providing a single toothed-gear idler or an odd number ofsuch idlers between sun and planet wheels, there may be provided a chainconnecting sprocket planet and sun wheels, or where a ratio of unitybetween sun and "planet ar as is permissible a 'connecting we may heprovided, pivotally mounted in the sun and planet wheels and such thatits longitudinal axis at all times isparallel to a" line joining thecentres of the planet and sunwheels. Iclaim: h 1. A torque transmittercomprising a carrier, at least the planetiw'heel mounted in the carrierto rotate about its own axis, 'a drum around the carrier and coaxialwith the carrier and a same axis, the carrier and drum being mounted torotate about'thef'second axis, drive connecting means connected to saidcarrier'for connecting the carrier to a source of rotary power, a sunwheel coaxial with the second axis, connecting means connected to thesun whee for connecting the sun wheel to a roa ie absorbrotary power,intermediate drive means drivingly connecting the planetwheel with thesun wheel and applying torque developed about the of said planet wheelin the same direction about the s cond axis, a

'plurality of liquid entrappingnaeans fast with the Planet wheel anddefining recesses spaced circumferentially away from and around theplanet wheel axis, whereby when a quantity of liquid is placedin thedrum and said carrier said drum are rotated, the liquid flung out in anannular layer against the inner peripheral surface 'of the, drurn tinderthe vaction of centrifugal force, and whreby 'wh'en the planet wheelrotates about its axis,

the liquid entrapping rneans pass through the annular layer of liquidand entrap liquid in the recesses and displeasure entrapped liquidinwardly away from the periphcry 'of the drum in a direction towards thesecond axis, and after displacement reject such displaced liquid underthe action at centrifugal force in a direction outwardly towards theannular layer.

2. A torque transmitter; comprising a carrier, at least one planet wheelrotatably mounted in the'carri'er for rotation about its own axis, aframe in which the carrier is mounted to rotate about a second axisparallel to the planet wheel axis, a drum around the carrier and coaxialwith its rotational axis, drive connecting means connecting to said'carrier for connecting the, carrier to" aso'urce of 'r'otar'ypower, asun wheel coaxial with the second taxis, connecting means connected' tosaid sun wheel forconnec'ting thesun wheel to a loadto absorb rotarypowehinterrnediate drive means drivingly connectingthe planet wheel withthe sun wheel and applying torquedevelopd ab'oiit the planet wheel axisin the same directionabout the second axis, a plurality of outwardly'p'r jecu gvaaes fast with the planet wheel and "spacedcircuniferentially about the planet wheel a'xis, a shroiid fast withthecarrier and extending, around the ends and sides of the vanes at aposition trailing the planet wheel relative to the direction of rotationof the carrier about the second axis, whereby, when a quantity of liquidis placed in the drum and the carrier and drum are rotated, the liquidis flung out in an annular layer against the inner peripheral surface ofthe drum under the action of centrifugal force, and whereby the vanesduring rotation of the planet wheel about its axis dip into the layer offlung out liquid and entrap liquid between them and the shroud anddisplace such entrapped liquid inwardly away from the periphery of thedrum in a direction towards the second axis; and in which there areprovided at least one servant wheel mounted in the carrier to rotateabout its own axis parallel "to the second axis, outwardly extendingvanes fast with the servant wheel, an anchor sun wheel coaxial with thesecond axis and fast with the frame, driving means drivingly connectingthe servant wheel and anchor sun wheel and applying torque developedabout the servant container wheel axis in the same direction about theanchor sun wheel axis, a shroud fast with the carrier and extendingaround the ends and sides of the vanes at a position leading the planetwheel relative to the direction of rotation of the carrier about thesecond axis, whereby liquid displaced inwardly by the vanes of theplanet wheel is received onto the vanes of the servant wheel, the liquidbeing displaced outwardly to the annular layer under the action ofcentrifugal force and exerting a turning moment on the servant wheelabout its axis, which turning moment is transmitted to the carrier viathe driving means and anchor sun wheel.

3. A torque transmitter comprising a carrier, at least one planet wheelmounted in the carrier to rotate about its own axis, a drum around thecarrier and coaxial with the carrier and a second axis, the carrier anddrum being mounted to rotate about the second axis, drive connectingmeans connected to said carrier for connecting the carrier to a sourceof rotary power, a sun wheel coaxial With the second axis, connectingmeans connected to the sun wheel for connecting the sun wheel to a loadto absorb rotary power, intermediate drive means drivingly connectingthe planet wheel with the sun wheel and applying torque developed ahoutthe axis of said planet wheel in the same direction about the secondaxis, a plurality of outwardly projecting vanes fast with the planetwheel and spaced circumferentially about the planet wheel axis, a shroudfast with the carrier and extending around the ends and sides of thevanes at a position trailing the planet wheel relative to the directionof rotation of the carrier about the second axis, whereby when aquantity of liquid is placed in the drum, and said carrier and said drumare rotated, the liquid is flung out in an annular layer against theinner peripheral surface of the drum under the action of centrifugalforce, and whereby when the planet wheel rotates about its axis, thevanes pass through the annular layer of liquid and entrap liquid betweenthem and the shroud and displace such entrapped liquid inwardly awayfrom the periphery of the drum in a direction towards the second axis,and after displacement reject such displaced liquid under the action ofcentrifugal force in a direction outwardly towards the annular layer.

4. A torque transmitter according to claim 1 in which the planet and sunwheels are toothed gear wheels and in which the intermediate drive meanscomprises a toothed idler wheel and a pin on the carrier on which theidler wheel is rotatably mounted in mesh with the planet and sun wheels.

5. A torque transmitter according to claim 1 in which there is provideda plurality of planet wheels rotatably mounted in dynamic balance aboutthe second axis, and in which the axes of the planet wheels are parallelto the second axis.

6. A torque transmitter according to claim 1 in which the planet and sunwheels comprise chain sprockets and in which the intermediate drivemeans comprises a drive chain in mesh with the sprockets.

7. A torque transmitter according to claim 1 in which the drum is fastwith and coaxial with the carrier.

8. A torque transmitter according to claim 1 in which the drum is freelyrotatably mounted about the second axis.

9. A torque transmitter according to claim 8 in which there are providedcircumferentially spaced outwardly projecting vanes mounted on thecarrier and having an overall radius of the same order as the maximumdistance between containers and the said second axis.

10. A torque transmitter according to claim 2 in which the drum issecured to and coaxial with the carrier.

11. A torque transmitter according to claim 2 in which the drum isfreely rotatably mounted for rotation about the main axis.

12. A torque transmitter according to claim 11 in which there areprovided circumferentially spaced outwardly projecting vanes mounted onthe carrier and having an overall radius of the same order as themaximum distance between containers and main axis.

13. A torque transmitter according to claim 2 in which the servant andanchor isun wheels are toothed gear wheels and in which the drivingmeans comprises a toothed idler wheel, and a pin on the carrier on whichthe idler wheel is mounted in mesh with the planet and sun wheels.

14. A torque transmitter according to claim 2 in which the servant andanchor sun wheels comprise chain sprockets and in which the drivingmeans comprises a drive chain in mesh with the sprockets.

15. A torque transmitter according to claim 1 in which the liquidentrapping means comprise containers spaced away from the planet wheelaxis and having openings directed in one direction about the planetwheel axis.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,546,405 Reece July 21, 1925 1,666,152 Strigl Apr. 17, 1928 1,691,610Reece et a1. Nov. 13, 1928 1,691,612 Reece et a1. Nov. 13, 19281,717,466 Reece et al. June 18, 1929 1,812,176 Sheridan June 30, 19311,866,002 Anderson July 5, 1932 1,933,143 Janssen Oct. 31, 19332,179,405 Falco Nov. 7, 1939 2,565,551 Dougherty Aug. 28, 1951 FOREIGNPATENTS 502,346 Great Britain Mar. 10, 1939 1,044,416 France June 17,1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No.077,793 February 19,, 1963 Hendrik Cancrinus It is hereby certified thaterror appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and thatthe said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

In the dinelwings Sheet 2, FIG 4L for "'03" read 103 Sheet 5 FIG. 10 for"42a" read 42c column 3, line .19, after "and" insert 02 in FIGUREcolumn 4L line 70 for "42a" read 420 Signed and sealed this 10th day ofDecember 1963,

(SEAL) Attest: n

L. IIEYIJCLDS ERNEST W. SWIDER Attesting Officer AC g Commissioner ofPatents

1. A TORQUE TRANSMITTER COMPRISING A CARRIER, AT LEAST ONE PLANET WHEELMOUNTED IN THE CARRIER TO ROTATE ABOUT ITS OWN AXIS, A DRUM AROUND THECARRIER AND COAXIAL WITH THE CARRIER AND A SECOND AXIS, THE CARRIER ANDDRUM BEING MOUNTED TO ROTATE ABOUT THE SECOND AXIS, DRIVE CONNECTINGMEANS CONNECTED TO SAID CARRIER FOR CONNECTING THE CARRIER TO A SOURCEOF ROTARY POWER, A SUN WHEEL COAXIAL WITH THE SECOND AXIS, CONNECTINGMEANS CONNECTED TO THE SUN WHEEL FOR CONNECTING THE SUN WHEEL TO A LOADTO ABSORB ROTARY POWER, INTERMEDIATE DRIVE MEANS DRIVINGLY CONNECTINGTHE PLANET WHEEL WITH THE SUN WHEEL AND APPLYING TORQUE DEVELOPED ABOUTTHE AXIS OF SAID PLANET WHEEL IN THE SAME DIRECTION ABOUT THE SECONDAXIS, A PLURALITY OF LIQUID ENTRAPPING MEANS FAST WITH THE PLANET WHEELAND DEFINING RECESSES SPACED CIRCUMFERENTIALLY AWAY FROM AND AROUND THEPLANET WHEEL AXIS, WHEREBY WHEN A QUANTITY OF LIQUID IS PLACED IN THEDRUM AND SAID CARRIER AND SAID DRUM ARE ROTATED, THE LIQUID IS FLUNG OUTIN AN ANNULAR LAYER AGAINST THE INNER PERIPHERAL SURFACE OF THE DRUMUNDER THE ACTION OF CENTRIFUGAL FORCE, AND WHEREBY WHEN THE PLANET WHEELROTATES ABOUT ITS AXIS, THE LIQUID ENTRAPPING MEANS PASS THROUGH THEANNULAR LAYER OF LIQUID AND ENTRAP LIQUID IN THE RECESSES AND DISPLACETHE ENTRAPPED LIQUID INWARDLY AWAY FROM THE PERIPHERY OF THE DRUM IN ADIRECTION TOWARDS THE SECOND AXIS, AND AFTER DISPLACEMENT REJECT SUCHDISPLACED LIQUID UNDER THE ACTION OF CENTRIFUGAL FORCE IN A DIRECTIONOUTWARDLY TOWARDS THE ANNULAR LAYER.